投稿時間:2022-01-13 16:39:18 RSSフィード2022-01-13 16:00 分まとめ(46件)

カテゴリー等	サイト名等	記事タイトル・トレンドワード等	リンクURL	頻出ワード・要約等/検索ボリューム	登録日
TECH	Engadget Japanese	セブン-イレブン、「d払い」で最大500%還元　1月14日〜2月3日に実施	https://japanese.engadget.com/docomo-seven-061530930.html	限定	2022-01-13 06:15:30
TECH	Engadget Japanese	「空中タッチディスプレイ」が集合住宅のインターホンに採用	https://japanese.engadget.com/touch-061008294.html	分譲マンション	2022-01-13 06:10:08
TECH	Engadget Japanese	Xbox 360版『Halo 3』オンライン対戦が終了。発売から15年	https://japanese.engadget.com/xbox-360-halo-games-060056810.html	米国時間	2022-01-13 06:00:56
IT	ITmedia 総合記事一覧	[ITmedia ビジネスオンライン] 三菱鉛筆が「ジェットストリーム」の高価格帯シリーズに“多機能ペン”　「オフィスカジュアルのアクセントに」	https://www.itmedia.co.jp/business/articles/2201/13/news148.html	itmedia	2022-01-13 15:47:00
IT	ITmedia 総合記事一覧	[ITmedia News] 羽田空港にAmazonロッカー新設　その“なるほど”な理由	https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/2201/13/news149.html	amazon	2022-01-13 15:42:00
IT	ITmedia 総合記事一覧	[ITmedia News] 「モバイルTカード」Yahoo! JAPAN IDなしで発行可能に	https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/2201/13/news145.html	itmedia	2022-01-13 15:25:00
IT	ITmedia 総合記事一覧	[ITmedia News] 「バーチャル警備システム」セコムが発売　リアル空間を3Dキャラが“常駐警備”	https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/2201/13/news143.html	itmedia	2022-01-13 15:03:00
IT	情報システムリーダーのためのIT情報専門サイト IT Leaders	自動文字起こしの「Notta」、Zoom/Meet/TeamsのWeb会議を文字起こし可能に | IT Leaders	https://it.impress.co.jp/articles/-/22567	自動文字起こしの「Notta」、ZoomMeetTeamsのWeb会議を文字起こし可能にITLeadersMINDCRUISERLIMITEDは年月日、AI自動文字起こしサービス「Notta」を強化し、録音・文字起こし対象のWeb会議システムを拡充したと発表した。	2022-01-13 15:19:00
python	Pythonタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	【Project Euler】Problem 26: 循環小数	https://qiita.com/masa0599/items/f4a24477092534c29a56	これをもとに以下のようにプログラムで確認すると、位数初めてになる指数はorderで表示されていますが、循環節の長さと一致していることが分かります。	2022-01-13 15:54:59
python	Pythonタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	【Project Euler】Problem 24: 辞書式順列	https://qiita.com/masa0599/items/e2d0ead2a8d7df7a59d0	【ProjectEuler】Problem辞書式順列本記事はProjectEulerの「番以下の問題の説明は記載可能」という規定に基づいて回答のヒントが書かれていますので、自分である程度考えてみてから読まれることをお勧めします。	2022-01-13 15:52:53
python	Pythonタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	【Project Euler】Problem 23: 過剰数の和	https://qiita.com/masa0599/items/c1f8cf369e0d12c691f5	importitertoolsNcreatethelistofabunduntnumbersabniforiinrangeNifsumpdivigtiabnsumiforiinrangeNlistofallnaturalnumbersforijinitertoolscombinationswithreplacementabnifijltNabnsumijerasethenumberbyaddingabundantnumberscombinationprintfAnswersumabnsum過剰数の和にならない数は数が大きくなると減っていくみたいなので、グラフを書いてみました。	2022-01-13 15:52:03
python	Pythonタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	Pythonで祭日を取得する	https://qiita.com/Moby-Dick/items/c1abeffb6a8f60f8a751	Pythonで祭日を取得する以前、PHPで祭日の一覧を他のサイトから取得してそれを表示するというお仕事をしたことがあるのですがpythonでは祭日をリストアップしてくれるライブラリがあったので非常に良いなと思い忘備録として記述します。	2022-01-13 15:46:42
js	JavaScriptタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	HostObject内でしれっと JS を書いていく	https://qiita.com/MoyomonDQ/items/98fe62c960119d306223		2022-01-13 15:47:31
Ruby	Rubyタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	[rails]評価点ごと(星ごと)の一覧画面を実装	https://qiita.com/katsuryo68/items/8b2b8e89910fba3c5e41	今回は、下画像のように段階評価されたものについて、点数ごとの一覧画面を作成することを目標とするルーティングappmodelsfavoriterbclassFavoriteltApplicationRecordresourcesboardsdomemberdogetstarsendendendボードコントローラにstarsアクションを追加し、starsアクションにて、評価点星の数ごとの一覧画面を表示する。	2022-01-13 15:55:49
Ruby	Rubyタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	通称〇〇本まとめ	https://qiita.com/Mouto9/items/da48300d4c927a6c8a0f	通称〇〇本まとめツイッターやサイトで見かける「通称〇〇本」が気になって調べてみました。	2022-01-13 15:09:28
Azure	Azureタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	Azure Synapse Analytics SQLプールの実行クエリの重みづけ（重要度）	https://qiita.com/masahiro-yamaguchi/items/e7b86a547d214ddccceb	上述した「クエリの重みづけ重要度が無いときに発生しうる問題」にて記載した例の場合、xlargercのクエリを重要度を「HIGH高」に設定し、largercのクエリ「ABOVENORMAL標準以下」以下に設定しておけば、次に実行されるのはバッチ処理であるxlargercのクエリであり、このクエリが実行可能なコンカレンシースロットに空きが出るまで重要度が「ABOVENORMAL標準以上」以下のクエリは実行されることはありません。	2022-01-13 15:14:25
Ruby	Railsタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	[rails]評価点ごと(星ごと)の一覧画面を実装	https://qiita.com/katsuryo68/items/8b2b8e89910fba3c5e41	今回は、下画像のように段階評価されたものについて、点数ごとの一覧画面を作成することを目標とするルーティングappmodelsfavoriterbclassFavoriteltApplicationRecordresourcesboardsdomemberdogetstarsendendendボードコントローラにstarsアクションを追加し、starsアクションにて、評価点星の数ごとの一覧画面を表示する。	2022-01-13 15:55:49
Ruby	Railsタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	Stripe::InvalidRequestErrorの対処法	https://qiita.com/GalaxyNeko/items/2162b6ba3237729e484e	StripeInvalidRequestErrorの対処法症状RailsでStripeのCheckoutを組み込んだ際に、下記のエラーが表示されました。	2022-01-13 15:44:09
海外TECH	DEV Community	Python vs JavaScript	https://dev.to/atreeshine/python-vs-javascript-5f5o	javascript	2022-01-13 06:28:41
海外TECH	DEV Community	Optimizing GitHub Actions with Meercode	https://dev.to/pankod/optimizing-github-actions-with-meercode-1n4b	Optimizing GitHub Actions with MeercodeUsing GitHub Actions provides engineering teams with a quick and reliable way to create a solid CI CD build process A per minute model helps with expanding capabilities well beyond other solutions like customized build agents that may require continued maintenance One critical piece missing is the ability to view the various aspects of the builds that are executed This can create extra costs from build steps that could be made more efficient Optimizing GitHub Actions with Meercode is simple And with the results it provides you can see a possible reduction of up to in costs associated with CI CD pipelines Operating at status quo Our typical approach as automation experts is to go with what we know Most of the time that means using tried and true approaches to CD CD In that spirit you will find many of us still rely on in house build agents to handle running builds While beneficial as a specialized and static build runner they come with their own costs in the way of maintenance In order to do things right a build agent typically needs some sort of base image On top of that image are the tools and frameworks necessary to build the team s software Doing so allows for scaling your build environment horizontally or recreating an agent that isn t operating normally This was the standard until more source code repository services started providing CI CD as part of their offerings Now we use services like GitHub Actions to handle many of today s top technology stacks The maintenance once required to keep build agent images up to date are handled automatically This goes for any build runner image they have available Windows Server Windows Server Ubuntu Ubuntu MacOS Big Sur MacOS Catalina All of this is available at no cost for open source and free projects up to minutes However going beyond this may require another subscription level In any case you want to ensure you use the build runners as efficiently as possible While GitHub does provide some detail on storage and build minutes used it lacks insight into details that may help your team use less of those resources Cost optimization with a view When using these build runners at a professional level It is vital to view things in a way that makes sense Especially when it comes to those resources that have costs associated with their usage There are many aspects of Meercode that are designed to do just that The goal is to save money through optimization that you can visualize Cutting costs one build at a time Let s take a look at some of the areas that Meercode can help with Optimizing GitHub Actions Through looking at these elements a picture can develop of areas of the CI CD pipeline that can be modified to reduce build times The way this is done with Meercode allows for a better understanding of each part of the process thanks to the various reports available When looking at each build data can be derived to determine what levels would benefit from more optimization Starting with each step in the workflow engineers are able to see which of those steps are long running From there we start working upwards The data from the workflows comprising those steps is also aggregated to see which of those workflows show similarities or differences that can help identify commonalities These common elements among the workflow steps may identify a speed bump in the build process But it doesn t stop from there High level views of the projects and organizations are next up Here we can derive information from specific project build workflows For example one project may be using a very small amount of build time in comparison to other projects While this may be out of necessity it may also point to a situation where non standard processes are used that stymie the process In turn creating additional cost where it isn t needed A view of team members can also help determine who is utilizing these resources the most Meercode peeks deep into the process Meercode is already helping thousands of engineers with a way to look into the details of their CI CD process Rather than making your “best guess you can view actual data that is relevant to various parts of the process This is especially important when working with on demand build agents provided by various platforms Yes we are talking about Meercode as it applies to GitHub but it doesn t stop there For those with multiple build platforms Meercode allows for integrations to allow the same view for each of those products GitHubGitLab CITravis CIAzure DevOpsVercelBitriseBuddyWith Jenkins on the horizon Using this integration you can be assured you have more ability to look at different parts of the CI CD process to find ways to save valuable units of time It s also important to note that Meercode does this without ever accessing source code Only the run build metadata from the CI CD process What does it mean to optimize GitHub Actions When we talk about optimization we re really talking about how we can shave time off of each step in the build process This may be done via a variety of means but the fact remains the same Anything that can be done should be done What kinds of things can you do to optimize your workflows There are many posts dedicated to this topic but there are a couple things to look at initially Cache where you can Different software stacks have different ways they install prerequisite assemblies and tools used to build the software This may be a collection of nuget packages that are common among projects In the case of restoring packages via tools like npm these packages are often downloaded to the developers machine This local build gives the impression that it is completed quickly Since the files are cached they don t require being downloaded every time like they would on a build agent Build agents are usually “vanilla This means they have only the basics needed to complete a workflow Finding a way to cache the prerequisite packages within the codebase is one way to optimize this common slow running portion of builds Fix forward with monitoring Monitoring is more than just seeing if a resource is up or down This is very true when looking at different aspects of build and deploy operations It has become more important as SaaS offerings become available Proper monitoring means looking at the right data and setting the right thresholds It is important to set thresholds to see when these pay per use resources go outside of a baseline Meercode helps provide the data points necessary to look at various monitoring systems to see where thresholds belong The ongoing information allows for showing trends that equal cost reductions Meercode wants to help By recognizing the lack of helpful information in this realm Meercode has taken steps to work with developers and many common build packages The culmination of this work is a product that neatly integrates with your current CI CD process and adds a missing view of the bigger picture Try it free by visiting the website After the simple setup the critical data needed will be shown in a way that just makes sense	2022-01-13 06:20:12
海外TECH	DEV Community	How to become a web developer in 2021 | web developer salary | All-time-dev	https://dev.to/codingland/how-to-become-a-web-developer-in-2021-web-developer-salary-all-time-dev-ean	How to become a web developer in web developer salary All time dev How to become a web developer in web developer salary All time devIf you are interested in learning web development but are confused that how could I will become a web developer then you have visited the right place in this post we are going to find how to become a web developer in and will also find out some more things So if you are interested and like our content then share our post with your developer friends and for more posts like this visit Who are web developers and what is their work A web developer is the one who creates different parts of a website in terms of its learnings like there are mainly three categories in which a web developer does its work frontend development backend development and full stack development A frontend developer is the one who creates the look of a website They are also divided into specific works like UI designing UX designing designer and the one who writes the code etc A backend developer is the one who creates the backend of the website and works with the database to connect the contact form login and sign up form etc with the database to drive the user data safe and they also make websites dynamic So that the owner of the website can add images videos and content to its website easily without copy pasting or writing any code And at last the full stack developer creates both the frontend and backend of a website Qualifications of a web developerNow we will find out the educational qualifications you will need to get hired as a web developer First of all if you want to learn web development you don t need any educational qualifications you can learn it for free from online courses or youtube tutorials In our other sections we will also talk about the best web development roadmap and the best ways to learn the skills that we are going to mention in our web development roadmap Childhood SchoolingPrimary Schooling High Schoolingbachelor degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science or a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science Web development RoadmapHTMLHTML is the structure of a website If you are getting hired in any of the companies if it is big or it is small you must know HTML because without HTML you will not be able to create the structure of a website and without it you cannot add anything on your web page including the videos and images So if you are want to become a web developer you must make sure that you should have a good knowledge of HTML like its basic tags like header tag footer tag IMG tag etc and at least of HTML because there are also some hard things in HTML like canvas So HTML will be enough for getting a job CSSNext in our list is CSS if HTML is the structure of a website then CSS is the beauty of that web page which makes it beautiful you have seen in many websites that there are beautiful animations and designs and colors are there in the website which makes it very beautiful and attractive and it is also a good way to attract customers for purchasing your products And CSS is also the second biggest factor for getting hired in a company because every company needs a web developer who has a good knowledge of basic web development scripting languages like HTML CSS So you must also make sure that you know CSS not complete only of CSS which includes basic properties and their values that you should know like background color orange red purple pink display visible hidden inline inline block etc JavaScript or PythonJavaScript is also a very important language if you want to become a web developer and it is used to add logic on your web page like animations adding a timer or adding an alert on your website regarding your users So it is also the main factor which companies will need you to know It is pretty hard to learn complete JavaScript or even its So you should know around of JavaScript which included the basic JavaScript syntaxes like var switch statements loops functions etc and if you are not comfortable with JavaScript you can also learn Python for adding logic on your web page But I will recommend learning JavaScript only instead of Python PHP or Node JSPHP is the best option in my opinion if you are creating simple and backend because it is easy to learn and use and you can use with MySQL and it is important because most of the companies want PHP developers and more than of websites backend are created using PHP So from this percentage only you can guess how much demand PHP is and even WordPress and Facebook are also created in PHP only And that s why I also recommend using PHP only but a majority of developers coder programmer hates PHP and some of them also say that it will die later or it is dead So if you want a detailed post on PHP then you can visit this post here is the link to the post And even Node JS also has a good number of demand in companies like Netflix Google and more So if you are interested in NODE JS then it will also be a good option for you MySQL or Mongo DBMySQL is a very good option for using as a database because it is very easy to learn and use and most of the websites uses MySQL only with PHP to create the backend and it has a very high demand and the same case is with Mongo DB only but they have less demand than MySQL but you can use it with all popular languages like Python PHP JavaScript etc And there are many differences in both of them but if you want to see them in detail and want to know more about them then you can visit our this post in which I have compared both of them So if you like any of them then I will recommend you some combinations If you like MySQL then you should use it with PHP because it is much better and easy to use it with PHP and companies also hired PHP developers who have knowledge of MySQL instead of Mongo DB and if you liked Mongo DB then you can use it with NODE JS To continue reading the post visit	2022-01-13 06:15:10
海外TECH	DEV Community	Add storybook.js to a sveltekit project	https://dev.to/kiranojhanp/add-storybookjs-to-a-sveltekit-project-40n5	Add storybook js to a sveltekit projectFirst Create a sveltekit project and initialize storybook js npm init svelte next sb svelte cd sb svelte npm install npx sb next init npm run storybookRunning storybook at this moment should give you error Here are the steps for the fix change type commonjs in package jsonrename svelte config js to svelte config mjsreplace your storybook main js with following code module exports stories src stories mdx src stories js jsx ts tsx svelte addons storybook addon links storybook addon essentials storybook addon svelte csf framework storybook svelte svelteOptions preprocess import svelte config mjs preprocess	2022-01-13 06:12:58
海外TECH	DEV Community	Java vs JavaScript | Detailed comparison | All-time-dev	https://dev.to/codingland/java-vs-javascript-detailed-comparison-all-time-dev-52fb	Java vs JavaScript Detailed comparison All time dev IntroductionToday we are going to compare Java and JavaScript All the points of the post are well detailed and got covered from Google and other websites So if you like posts like this and want to read more posts like this then you can visit our blog and don t forget to share our post on Java vs JavasScript with your developer friends Difference between Java and JavaScriptJava vs JavaScript in terms of differences both of them are very different languages But due to their name many people think that both of them are the same as ham is to a hamster So let s see some of the differences of both of these languages Java is compiled while JavaScript is interpretedJava is mainly used for the back end while JavaScript is mainly used for the front endJava is Executed in JVM or in the browser while JavaScript is only executed in the browsers Java provides static type checking while JavaScript provides Dynamic type checking and more Which is the best Java vs JavaScript for Updated Java vs JavaScript for is a big question because in my opinion both of them will be a good choice for It all depends on you what you want like if you are a web developer then there will be no sense in using Java because it is very hard to learn and has very long syntaxes while JavaScript will be much easier to learn and you can create as much logic as you want for your websites by writing short syntaxes of JavaScript but if you want to create something big like a high quality game or a food delivery app your personalized code editor etc then it is better to use Java because it is much more powerful than JavaScript So it all depends on you what you want as a web developer Major similaritiesBut as both of them have many differences they have major similarities like Both of them can run on a browser both of them can also run on a serverBoth of them work on the concept of OOP Object oriented programming Both of them can be used for front end and back end development Both of them have libraries and frameworks Some JavaScript libraries are Next JS Electron JS WinJS Blocky and more and some JavaScript frameworks are Angular Vue JS Express JS and more Some Java libraries are Cucumber Google Guava OpenJDK JUnit and more and some Java frameworks are Hibernate JSF JavaServer Faces GWT Google Web Toolkit Spring and more Brief HistoryJavaScriptJavaScript which is also known as ECMAScript was released around It was developed by a developer of Netscape Navigator INC and the developer s name was Brenden Eich At that time IE Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were the two most popular browsers and he Brenden Eich developed JavaScript for Netscape and then in it was released with JavaScript later it became ECMA from Netscape in after sometime when the Netscape company handled JavaScript to ECMA Mozilla continued to develop JavaScript for their own browser and in only ES was released and IE became the first browser to support JavaScript and in ES was supported by all browsers including Google Chrome Edge etc JavaJava is an object oriented programming language developed from through The Java framework was created by Sun Micro Systems that later became acquired by Oracle These applications developed using Java will be executed using a Java virtual machine which by doing this can be run across different platforms or systems JSP enables the development of dynamic HTML pages Interactions between websites It had been available to users on the web before Google Chrome introduced the Node engine as node js Is Java better than JavaScript Java vs JavaScript is an obvious question for programmers but if you want a simple answer then Yes Java is better than JavaScript because it is fast powerful and is used for creating much heavier apps and games while JavaScript is light weight and has better Backend and Frontend frameworks than Java which is majorly used for creating web apps and for downloading packages So if you want to become a web or a game developer who creates games for browsers then JavaScipt will be a good option but Java is much better because it can handle much more tasks than JavaScript and is also powerful and used for doing harder jobs Browser compatibilityIn this aspect There is no Java vs JavaScript because Java and JavaScript both of them are compatible with browsers But JavaScript is compatible with every browser through which you could create websites or web apps with JavaScript in your browsers directly by writing a code and can viewing it on your browser with your text editor preview option The only browser through which Java is compatible today is IE and if you want to run it on Chrome you have to install plug ins for Java This happens because JavaScript code gets interpreted and JavaScript was made for browsers while Java code gets compiled and was developed to enable the development of portable high performance applications for the widest range of computing platforms possible Front end developmentJava vs JavaScript in terms of front end development is a very basic question because Java and JavaScript both can be used for front end development but JavaScript is the best language in terms of front end development because it provides lots of useful frameworks and libraries for the front end of different categories like websites apps games and more but in the case of web development it is easier because you can by default write the core JavaScript code to add logic on your website without installing any package framework library etc According to the stack overflow survey also it is the best language for front end development which involved more than developers Platform independentJava vs JavaScript in terms of platform independent is a very big question because in the aspect of platform independent Java and JavaScript both of them are platform independent However Nowadays JavaScript is mainly used for server side programming only but you can run websites made with the help of JavaScript on Windows Macintosh and other devices but Java is better because Java has its own JVM through which it can run on any platform means if you write a code in Java you can run it anywhere Client side scripting languageJava vs JavaScript in terms of client side scripting almost everyone knows that JavaScript is a client side scripting language which means that if you write a code of JavaScript then it directly processes the code for the browser like Chrome and Firefox etc instead of a web server like Java and JavaScript is mainly used for web development only So it is optimized for it and you will also not have any problem while doing client side scripting in JavaScript as its community is very big and they provide solutions for different problems they face while writing code in JavaScript which will be very helpful for you Java can also be used for client side scripting but JavaScript will be easier to write and learn for client side scripting than Java and you can use it directly for it but you can t use Java directly for client side scripting you have to use Java Applet for it with Java Web Start Applications run differentlyApplications created using Java and JavaScript runs very differently because if you have used Java to create an application you can run it on a virtual machine like a KVM VMware and you can also run it on a browser but if you have created an application with JavaScript you can only view and run it on a browser you have to use a different framework of JavaScript to create apps for mobile devices etc like React Native Java vs JavaScript in the aspect of applications both are good So there is a tie between them UsabilityJava vs JavaScript in usability has a very easy answer that JavaScript is better than Java in terms of usability because Java uses more memory than JavaScript to connect web pages means if you have a low end PC then I will recommend you use JavaScript only because your PC can easily handle JavaScript and if you have a high end or a medium level PC than only if you want you can use Java Compiled vs InterpretedJava vs JavaScript in terms of compiled vs interpreted Java easily won because both of them have different ways to render their code because Compiled languages like Java C C and more are converted into machine code directly than later it was executed by the processor while in interpreted languages it is different They don t compile the code which makes the compiled languages faster and more efficient than interpreted languages like JavaScript Perl Python BASIC and more Key benefits of using JavaThe key benefits of using Java are as follows It is simpleIt works on the concept of OOP Object Oriented Programming Secure languagePlatform independentEconomicalPortableStableJava vs JavaScript Should I use Javascript or Java for my next project When you think about creating a project You may also think Java vs JavaScript which of them is better for my project So As I have already mentioned that it all depends on what are you doing if you are a web developer and want to create a website as a project then I will recommend creating it using JavaScript and if you are creating a game or an app then I will recommend creating it with Java and if you want to do a mathematical operation or any programming related work and if you are a beginner in computer science and coding then I will recommend using JavaScript for your projects and along with that you should learn Java because in future you will need to do more harder projects for which I will recommend using Java and if you are already an old student and have a good knowledge and experience in other languages then start learning Java with hour or hours of youtube tutorials because you need better coding knowledge for creating harder projects as fast and if you have time then you should do a course so that you must all get a certificate that will help you in future Backend developmentJava vs JavaScript in terms of backend development Both of them are good for backend development you can do server side programming in JavaScript with the help of Node JS which is a JavaScript runtime that allows you to write JavaScript in the backend which is very easy to learn and use in this case Node JS or JavaScript wins but Java is also better in terms of security it has been used from very old time to create the backend and Node JS is pretty new compared to Java and Java also provides better community support than Node JS as it is old but Node JS also has good documentation So in my opinion if you want to create a better powerful backend then you should use Java and if you want to create a backend a bit easier then you can consider Node JS and Node JS To continue reading the post visit	2022-01-13 06:05:04
海外TECH	DEV Community	Let's Talk About Backups	https://dev.to/chrisbenjamin/lets-talk-about-backups-2jkn	Let x s Talk About BackupsI am a certified Backup and Disaster Recovery Expert and have worked in Backup and Disaster Recovery for many years using various software and strategies Backups are the most critical part of any business I have helped dozens of businesses create backup and disaster recovery strategies and have recovered businesses using these backups many times Those businesses that had a valid and verified backup in place were able to achieve successful recovery with little to no data loss The businesses who called me and didn t have a backup were in a far worse situation and business survival was questionable This article is to educate you about Backups in general and is not a recommendation for any particular strategy or software solution What is a backup A backup is a copy of your important data that is kept on separate media from the original source A simple example you copy your current project to a USB thumb drive and keep that USB drive in your safe at home This copy of the data is kept separate from the original device and therefore is a valid backup that could be used to restore the project as of the last time the backup was made There are many ways to accomplish this and it will be explored in further detail below so for now just focus on knowing the fundamental concept that it s a copy of the data stored somewhere else Why backup You may ask yourself why should I back up my data Maybe you just bought a brand new computer so you don t feel like it will fail anytime soon and you decide not to backup Maybe you use a RAID storage system with multiple redundant drives so you feel that your data is safe Even on a brand new device or a RAID storage system you need to keep a backup copy of your important data Possible failures requiring restoring from backup Hardware FailuresNatural Disasters Storms Floods Hurricanes Volcano Avalanche Earthquake Human ErrorViruses Cybersecurity issues such as Ransomware Types of backupsThere are several different types of backups and the one you use will be determined base on your specific business needs I have recommended each of these in different scenarios based on stakeholder requirements and business objectives ManualA manual backup is one consciously performed by an assigned individual These can be one time or scheduled The key part here is that a human must initiate the backup or it doesn t happen This is typically recommended for data that doesn t change often and is manually backed up when it does change ScheduledA scheduled backup is a recurring backup task that runs on a set interval Some businesses run this daily weekly monthly quarterly or annually This is a safety net backup to capture changes made on a interval basis This is recommended when infrequent changes are made to data and you want to keep an up to date backup without a human having to perform the backup IncrementalAn incremental backup is a chain of backups that are strung together to form the basis of a backup with multiple recovery points The first backup is a full backup where as the entire system is backed up Incremental backups are then set at a specific interval some as often as every minutes for rapidly changing data to every minutes or even every hours Each incremental backup only backs up the data that changed between the last incremental backup and the current one This type of backup is ideal for data that is constantly being updated and should be set to record those changes as often as possible DifferentialA differential backup is a series of backups where a previous backup is required The differential backup will look at the last backup and the current data and create a backup of only what has changed This is different from an incremental as these are generally ran in larger time intervals such as weekly or monthly Backup MediaThere are multiple ways of storing backups the critical point here is that it must be stored some where other than the source of your data If you are backing up your computer then the backup cannot reside on your computer You should consider the risk of your backup device failing when planning your backup Choosing the right backup media involves considering the amount of data that you will be backing up the frequency of updating that backup the length of time you will be storing that data and the cost of storing the data Rate of Change RoC You also need to consider your backup strategy and account for the Rate of Change The RoC applies to incremental and differential backups and is the amount of data that is changed each month on the device you are backing up Manual backups typically overwrite previous backups and therefore the RoC is not as relevant but the storage media needs to have more space than is needed for the backup Example if the initial backup is GB and the rate of change is GB monthly then you need to plan for an extra GB per year of storage and to be safe I would at the very least double that to GB plus the initial GB Tape BackupsThese are not used as much in today s day and age but some businesses are still using them Disk BackupsThis is typically a hard drive that is connected to the computer via USB or other means I recommend that RAID be used for disk backup to ensure redundancy of the backup media USB Drive Thumb DriveUSB Drives can hold a surprising amount of data and can be a good backup for some users NAS Network BackupSome businesses may have Network Attached Storage NAS or another device on the network with storage that can be used to store your backups and is connected via local network FTP This is a connection over the internet to another device for storing data Cloud BackupThere are a huge number of cloud backup services that allow you to store your data in another companies cloud Typically you pay a monthly rate for a set amount of data or a rate per unit of storage ex GB Backup StorageHowever you decide to store your backup one important thing to keep in mind is that the best strategy involves storing the backup somewhere other than the business itself If you are not using a cloud backup service and are using a physical storage such as an external drive then this should be kept off site to ensure that during a disaster the backup is available for use My suggestion is that you keep a copy of the data in a geographically separate data center that is at least miles from the business itself This would ensure that during most natural disasters the backup itself is valid even if the building was destroyed For example if you are in the West Coast of USA then you would want to store you data in the Mid West or East Coast Alternatively you can also setup geo redundant backup copies where your data is stored in more than data center across the country and or in another country all together Again the answer to this question should be decided by the stakeholders of the business to determine how important their data is during a recovery Backup SecurityAll backups should be kept in a secure manner to avoid unauthorized access or use This should include encryption and or a password as applicable Regardless of where you store your backup it s important that only authorized individuals have access to the data on that backup and be able to restore the backup in a disaster Backup StrategiesA backup strategy is a written plan for your business that details the backup plan for the business This plan will consist of the systems and or data to be backed up the frequency of the backup the duration of how long the backup will be stored the recovery point objective and the recovery time object This backup strategy also needs to list the responsible parties for administering the backup strategy responsible users or departments and any third party company s and or software solutions involved Recovery Point Objective RPO The RPO refers to the point in time that you are able to recover the backup This is the point in history where you are able to restore your data losing anything that happened after that backup until present time If you are doing manual backups every week then your RPO is up to week If it s currently Thursday and your last backup is Friday then you may lose any data that happened after Friday This may be acceptable to some businesses If the backup from last Friday doesn t work then you would have to go back another full week to recover from the previous Friday If you are doing incremental backups every hour x then your recovery point objective is hour meaning the most data that should be lost is up to the last hour of work This also provides multiple recovery points in history that you could restore back hours ago or even hours ago if needed This is useful in some virus infection scenarios where you want to restore to a specific time before the infection occurred Recovery Time Objective RTO RTO is the duration that your business can be down before it begins to negatively impact the business and or it s customers If your business is critical in nature and cannot be done for more than hour then your RTO is hour This is the time that you will have to get the business back up and running using your disaster recovery strategy in the event of a disaster Some businesses may be just fine being closed for day or more during a disaster while others cannot survive being closed for an hour I worked with a medium sized medical firm to establish a backup and disaster recovery plan where one previously didn t exist The RTO for this business was set at hours meaning that the business could be down for as much as hours without causing a major disruption to the healthcare operation The RPO was set at hour meaning that we took full incremental backups every minutes to ensure that in the RTO we had points of recovery The Number Rule with BackupsYou must test your backups Regardless of the backup media the backup strategy or the frequency you must create a routine backing testing strategy Testing should be documented and confirmed by more than one person for accountability or a screenshot saved with documentation showing proof of valid backups If you are using a backup and not testing that backup there s a chance when you need to use it that backup will not be valid If you are paying another company to handle backups on your behalf then you should be requesting proof that your backups are being tested at the interval agreed to between you and the backup company but should be no less than quarterly Methods for testing There are several methods for testing that we will cover The method you choose will depend on the type of backup that you are using Manual BackupsManual backups are tested by verifying the data exists and is accessible both on the source computer and another computer If you backup to an external drive or a USB storage device plug this device into another computer and make sure you can see the data on your drive It s also a good idea to make sure you can open and read the data Incremental Differential BackupsIncremental and Differential backups can generally be tested in a variety of ways They can be tested by mounting the backup which is a method of exploring the content in the backup chain and viewing files on it Some incremental backup providers also allow you to virtual boot them as a method of testing that the system being backed up can be ran as a virtual machine With cloud providers they provide a way of viewing the files contained in the backup and usually allow viewing different points in time along the chain The key to this backup type is being able to go back in time and pick a specific date and or time to restore from and browse files Disaster RecoveryDisaster Recovery involves a written plan of action for how the business will respond to and handle different disaster scenarios This is a rather lengthy document and involves multiple members of the organization The restoration of backups is a small piece of a disaster recovery but a critical piece of it Disaster recovery planning will involve how to recover the entire business in the event of a disaster The easy scenario to consider is building destruction Let s say the business is a small accounting firm with employees and a lot of critical business data they are using a cloud backup service and running incremental backups every hour In the middle of the night when no one was in the building there is an earthquake and the building has been destroyed The disaster recovery plan for this accounting firm will need to include details such as where and how will the employees work what equipment the staff will need to get up and running contact lists for all vendors and employees since they will need to be notified of the disaster and what the business is doing in the recovery phase The plan will also include how their offsite backup will be used to recover the data along with the specific steps account information encryption password and how the employees will connect to restored data ConclusionThe purpose of this article was to make you familiar with the process of backing up and planning for disaster recovery including the types of backups and methods for storing the backup To provide a proper backup solution for a business you must consider several key factors about the business to have an effective strategy The stakeholders of the business need to be involved in some of the decision making to ensure the strategy is aligned with the business objectives There is no one size fits all backup strategy that will apply to every business A good understanding of the business itself and the variety of options available will be a good start A full disaster recovery plan should be documented tested and distributed to the disaster recovery team members If you don t have a backup plan in place or don t have proof of recent testing of your backups then it s time to reach out to your IT Department or Backup vendor and get it started today If you or your business is in need of a disaster recovery plan recommendations or a backup solution please reach out to me through my business Taco IT or on Twitter This article is not intended as a sales pitch for my services but I strongly feel that every business should have a backup in place I m on buymeacoffee If you like my work you can buy me a taco and share your thoughts	2022-01-13 06:02:01
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