投稿時間:2022-01-30 02:10:33 RSSフィード2022-01-30 02:00 分まとめ(14件)

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python	Pythonタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	【python】TwitterのAPI（v2）を使ってリプライに添付された画像に対して返信するbotを作ってみた(2/2 記述したソースコードをAWSLambda定期実行でbotを稼働させる)	https://qiita.com/BQZet/items/25051f1d0268e8489bfc	【python】TwitterのAPIvを使ってリプライに添付された画像に対して返信するbotを作ってみた記述したソースコードをAWSLambda定期実行でbotを稼働させるあらすじ前回TwitterAPIvを用いて検索・画像URL取得・ツイート送信・リプライ送信まで説明したので今回は実際にbotを作っていきます実行環境pythonwindowsTwitterAPIvfoodAIv実装方針作成するクラス・関数大きく分けてつのクラスとつの関数で実装する。	2022-01-30 01:05:27
js	JavaScriptタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	[JS](基礎的)JavaScriptのコードが実行される仕組み	https://qiita.com/Shi-raCanth/items/e2b56e26b9e3f335307b	イベントの例ブラウザ上のボタンをクリックしたテキストフィールドでキー入力をした要素の上にマウスカーソルを乗せたetcaddEventListenerメソッドイベント発火の際に実行する関数を定義するためのメソッド要素addEventListenerイベント名関数functionイベントが起きた際の処理イベントの例イベント名説明loadイベントページ全体が全て読み込まれた後に、イベント発火するclickイベント指定された要素がクリックされた時に、イベントが発火するmouseoverイベントマウスカーソルが指定された要素上に乗った時に、イベントが発火するmouseoutイベントマウスカーソルが指定された要素上から外れた時に、イベントが発火する関数については→JavaScriptの関数要素の取り出し方に関しては→HTMLの要素を取得する方法以上。	2022-01-30 01:38:32
海外TECH	MakeUseOf	5 Fake Call Apps for iPhone to Help You Escape Awkward Social Situations	https://www.makeuseof.com/fake-call-iphone-apps/	situations	2022-01-29 16:31:43
海外TECH	MakeUseOf	What's the Difference Between Samsung and Android Phones?	https://www.makeuseof.com/samsung-vs-android/	What x s the Difference Between Samsung and Android Phones The world of smartphones can be confusing If you re not sure what the difference is between a Samsung and Android phone we re here to help	2022-01-29 16:15:12
海外TECH	MakeUseOf	Can You Cancel a Cryptocurrency Transaction?	https://www.makeuseof.com/can-you-cancel-cryptocurrency-transaction/	bitcoin	2022-01-29 16:01:55
海外TECH	MakeUseOf	Become a GarageBand Master With These Mac Keyboard Shortcuts	https://www.makeuseof.com/garageband-keyboard-shortcuts/	cheat	2022-01-29 16:01:54
海外TECH	DEV Community	REI	https://dev.to/patrickjonas16/rei-207l	REIREI Communities stay at home working	2022-01-29 16:51:01
海外TECH	DEV Community	Laravel Seeding: Generate mock data using Faker	https://dev.to/olodocoder/laravel-seeding-generate-mock-data-using-faker-5473	Laravel Seeding Generate mock data using FakerSeeding also commonly known as database seeding is the process of generating mock data into your application database Whether it s for testing purposes or other use cases seeding can be very useful when we don t want to start with a clean slate or add mock data manually PrerequisitesA running Laravel projectA SQL database What is Faker FakerPHP I ll refer to it as Faker henceforth is a package that allows you to generate different types of random data that match your database schema From basic names usernames and random numbers to credit card details fake obviously you can generate basically any type of fake data into your application database Connecting the databaseTo connect your database to your Laravel application you need to have a SQL database either a local one like PHPMYADMIN which I ll be using in this tutorial it comes with WAMPSERVER installation or a managed one like the Managed Heroku Postgres database To connect your database you need to first create a database with your preferred name in my case I ll create a database called testapp inside PHPMYADMIN GUI like so Once that s done open the env file in your editor and fill the following values with your database credentials DB CONNECTION DB HOST DB PORT DB DATABASE DB USERNAME DB PASSWORD And that s it you ve connected your Laravel application to your SQL database the next thing now is to generate the necessary files Generate model migration and factory filesAs Laravel creators are very much interested in developers productivity Laravel supports Faker out of the box which means there will be no need for installation from your end With installation out of the way the next thing to do is to generate your model migration and factory files I ll be working with a post model in this tutorial so I ll run the following command to generate the three files at once php artisan make model Post m factoryThat should generate in my case a Post model inside app models a factory class inside database factories and a migration file inside database migrations The Post modelI would like the posts table to contain the following columns title body likes author draft so I ll be adding a fillable array inside my app models Post php file like so protected fillable title body likes author draft Next thing is to define your Post schema The Post migrationTo define how you want your schema to look like and the types of data they should contain you need to open your database migrations create posts table php your file name will be different and inside the up function you need to define your schema for my Post table it will look like this public function up Schema create posts function Blueprint table table gt id table gt string title table gt longText body table gt string author table gt integer likes table gt boolean draft table gt timestamps You can find the list of available column types in Laravel here after that s done we need to structure how you want Faker to generate your data inside the Factory class you generated earlier The Factory classIn order for Faker to generate your data properly you need to explicitly define how it should do so inside the definition function that was generated inside the database factories PostFactory php file you just need to edit it to fit your columns and their types in my case I ll edit it to look like so public function definition return title gt this gt faker gt words true body gt this gt faker gt sentence likes gt this gt faker gt randomNumber author gt this gt faker gt name draft gt this gt faker gt boolean The above function will generate title wordsbody sentenceslikes random digit numbersauthor random Nigerian namedraft random boolean or is true while is false Notice how I omitted the id and timestamps as they will be generated automatically Next you need to connect the PostFactory to the Post model by adding the following line to the top of your factory file like so namespace Database Factories use App Models Post other dependenciesclass PostFactory extends Factory protected model Post class Define the model s default state return array public function definition same as above Run factory class through DatabaseSeeder php fileAfter defining the definition function inside the factory class the next thing you need to do is to add the newly created factory inside the database seeders DatabaseSeeder php file by adding it inside the run method like so App Models Post factory gt create The in the line of code above defines how many posts you would like to generate Run the migrations and seedersAfter all the above steps have been completed successfully the next thing you need to do is to run your migrations and seeders and thanks to Laravel s awesome cli tool we can do both with just a single command like so php artisan migrate seedOnce that runs successfully you should see something like below in your command line Next navigate to your database manager to see the result you should see something similar to the below screenshot The post table was created successfully including the default Laravel tables Notice the little green box that s our posts table containing rows of data all generated by Faker click on the table to see its contents That s our post table filled with data Generating local dataNotice that the author column contains random Nigerian names that s another awesome thing about Faker it lets you generate local data where possible and all you need to do is set your faker locale inside the config app php to your preferred country You can find the list of supported regions here ConclusionAdding mock data manually to test your application can be daunting So In this tutorial you learned how to seed data into your Laravel application database using Faker If you have any I ll really appreciate your honest feedback	2022-01-29 16:49:54
海外TECH	DEV Community	Amazon EBS	https://dev.to/adelinemakokha/amazon-ebs-1b7f	Amazon EBSAn Amazon Elastic Block Store EBS volume is a durable block level storage device you can attach to a single EC instance Mostly used as the primary storage for data that requires frequent updates e g  Instance system Drive  Dynamically increase modify provisioned IOPS Input Output per second capacity and change volume type on live production volumes Types of EBS volumeRoot Volume General Purpose SSDProvisioned IOPS SSD Magnetic HDDOther Throughput Optimized HDDCold HDDGeneral Purpose SSD gp It balances price and performance for a wide variety of workloads Use Case System boot volumes Virtual DesktopsProvisioned IOPS SSD io Highest performance SSD volume for mission critical low latency or high throughput workloads Use Case Large database workloadsThroughput Optimized HDD st Low cost HDD volume designed for frequently accessed throughput intensive workloadsUse Case Big DataCold HDD sc Lowest cost HDD designed for less frequently accessed workloadsUse Case Large volumes of data that is infrequently accessedAdvantagesAWS replicates the volume within the same AZ for high availability An EBS volume data persist independently from the life of an instance Detached EBS volume can be reattached to a new instance enabling quick data recovery EBS backed instance can be stopped and restarted without affecting data stored in the attached volume Store sensitive data on volume protected by Amazon EBS encryption Amazon uses AWS Key Management Service AWS KMS master keys when creating encrypted volume and snapshotsNB Data is encrypted using bit AES Advanced Encryption Standard algorithms AES  Data on volume can be backed as snapshots and stored on Amazon S for redundancy Data can be backed up or snapshots taken when volume is attached to running instance Volumes restored from encrypted snapshots are automatically encrypted EBS SnapshotPoint in time backup of data that is stored on EBS VolumeEach snapshot contains all the information needed to restore your dataAre Incremental Only the blocks on the device that have changed after your recent snapshot are savedSnapshots are constrained to the same region it was created Volumes can be created in the same region only Snapshots support cross region copySnapshots of encrypted volume are automatically encrypted Volumes created from encrypted snapshots are automatically encrypted What is RAID Redundant array of independent disk RAID is a data storage virtualization technology that combines one or more logical units for the purposes of data redundancy performance or both RAID Performance RAID allows you to achieve a higher level of performance for a file system than you can provision on a single Amazon EBS volume RAID Fault Tolerance Create a RAID when fault tolerance is more important than I O performance	2022-01-29 16:27:49
海外TECH	Engadget	Netflix and Mattel are making a live-action 'Masters of the universe' movie	https://www.engadget.com/netflix-masters-of-the-universe-live-action-movie-163305792.html?src=rss	Netflix and Mattel are making a live action x Masters of the universe x movieNetflix s love affair with Masters of the Universe isn t about to cool down any time soon The streaming service is partnering with Mattel to develop a live action Masters of the Universe movie ーno they weren t put off by the flop Production is expected to start this summer with the Nee Brothers who created the upcoming The Lost City co directing the title and writing it alongside Shang Chi s David Callaham The companies haven t divulged much about the plot but they ve already chosen Kyle Allen Balkan in West Side Story as Prince Adam He Man Not surprisingly there are hints Adam will discover his power as He Man and fight Skeletor to protect Eternia This isn t a surprising move when MOTU has been lucrative for Netflix Its She Ra reboot had five seasons and Kevin Smith s Masters of the Universe Revelation is starting its second season in March There s also a child oriented CG animated series He Man and the Masters of the Universe Between this and other s flashbacks Netflix appears to know what nostalgia makes its audience tick	2022-01-29 16:33:05
海外TECH	Engadget	Hitting the Books: The decades-long fight to bring live television to deaf audiences	https://www.engadget.com/hitting-the-books-turn-on-the-words-harry-lang-gallaudet-university-press-163045001.html?src=rss	Hitting the Books The decades long fight to bring live television to deaf audiencesThe Silent Era of cinema was perhaps its most equitable with both hearing and hearing impaired viewers able to enjoy productions alongside one another but with the advent of quot talkies quot deaf and hard of hearing American s found themselves largely excluded from this new dominant entertainment medium It wouldn t be until the second half of the th century that advances in technology enabled captioned content to be broadcast directly into homes around the country In his latest book Turn on the Words Deaf Audiences Captions and the Long Struggle for Access Professor Emeritus National Technical Institute for the Deaf at Rochester Institute of Technology Harry G Lang documents the efforts of accessibility pioneers over the course of more than a century to bring closed captioning to the American people Gallaudet University PressFrom Turn on the Words Deaf Audiences Captions and the Long Struggle for Access nbsp by Harry G Lang Copyright by Gallaudet University Excerpted by permission The Battle for Captioned TelevisionTo the millions of deaf and hard of hearing people in the United States television before captioning had been “nothing more than a series of meaningless pictures In Tom Harrington a twenty eight year old hard of hearing audiovisual librarian from Hyattsville Maryland explained that deaf and hard of hearing people “would like to watch the same stuff as everyone is watching no matter how good or how lousy In other words to be treated like everyone else On March closed captioning officially began on ABC NBC and PBS The first closed captioned television series included The ABC Sunday Night Movie The Wonderful World of Disney and Masterpiece Theater In addition more than three decades after the movement to make movies accessible to deaf people began ABC officially opened a new era by airing its first closed captioned TV movie Force from Navarone By the end of March sixteen captioned hours of programming were going out over the airwaves each week and by the end of May Sears had sold of the decoding units within four months of offering them for sale Sears gave NCI an royalty for each decoding device sold The funds were used to defray the costs of captioning In addition to building up a supply of captioned TV programs during its first year of operation so that a sufficient volume would be available for broadcast NCI concentrated on training caption editors A second production center was established in Los Angeles and a third in New York City John Koskinen chairman of NCI s board reflected on the challenges the organization faced at this time A much smaller market for the decoders was evident than that estimated through early surveys As with the telephone modem that was simultaneously developing the captioning decoders cost a significant sum for most deaf consumers in those days and the expense of a decoder did not buy a lot because not all the captioned hours being broadcast were of interest to many people Although the goal was to sell decoders per year NCI struggled to sell and this presented a financial burden To help pay for the captioning costs NCI also set up a “Caption Club to raise money from organizations serving deaf people and from other private sources By December was taken in and used to pay for subtitles on programs that otherwise would not be captioned By there were members promoting the sales Interestingly when sales suddenly went up one year NCI investigated and found that the Korean owner of an electronics store in Los Angeles was selling decoders as a way to enhance English learning The next big breakthrough was the move toward the use of digital devices recently adopted by court recorders that for NCI allowed the captioning of live television Having the ability to watch the evening news and sporting events with captions made the purchase of a decoder more attractive as did the decline in its price over time When the American television network NBC showed the twelve hour series Shogun in thousands of deaf people were able to enjoy it The million series was closed captioned and owners of the special decoder sets received the dialogue Jeffrey Krauss of the FCC admitted that deaf people had not had full access to television from the very beginning “But by early it should be possible for the deaf and hard of hearing to enjoy many of the same programs we do via a new system called closed captioning Sigmond Epstein a deaf printer from Annandale Virginia felt that “there is more than a percent increase in understanding And Lynn Ballard a twenty five year old deaf student from Chatham New Jersey believed that closed captioning would “improve the English language skills and increase the vocabulary of deaf children Newspaper reports proliferated describing the newfound joy among deaf people in gaining access to the common television Educators recognized the technological advance as a huge leap forward “I consider closed captioning the single most important breakthrough to give the deaf access to this vital medium said Edward C Merrill Jr president of Gallaudet College adding presciently “Its usage will expand beyond the hearing impaired And an ex cop cried when his deaf wife wept for joy at understanding Barney Miller He wrote a letter to the TV networks cosigned by their six small children to tell of the new world of entertainment and learning now open to his wife Contact was among the first group of television programs and the first children s program to be captioned in March This science education show produced by Children s Television Workshop aired on PBS member stations for eight years Later that same year Sesame Street became the second children s program to be captioned and became the longest running captioned children s program ー“NCI Recap d National Captioning InstituteThe enthusiasm continued to spread swiftly among deaf people Alan Hurwitz then associate dean for Educational Support Services at NTID and his family were all excited about the captioning of primetime television programs Hurwitz who would eventually be president of Gallaudet University was like everyone else at this time hooked on the new closed captioning technology One of his favorite programs in was Dynasty which was shown weekly on Wednesday night at p m He flew to Washington DC early one Wednesday morning to meet with congressional staff members in different offices all day long Not having a videotape recorder he made sure he had scheduled a flight back home in time to watch Dynasty After the meetings he arrived at the airport on time only to find out that the plane was overbooked and he was bumped off and scheduled for a flight the next morning He panicked and argued with the airline clerk that he had to be home that night and stressed that he couldn t miss the flight He was put on a waiting list and there were several folks ahead of him Then when he learned that he would definitely miss the flight he went back to the clerk and insisted that he get on the plane He explained that he had no way to contact his wife and was concerned about his family Finally the clerk went inside the plane and asked if anyone would like to get off and get a reward for an additional flight at no cost One passenger volunteered to get off and Hurwitz was allowed to take his seat The plane left a bit late and arrived in Rochester barely in time for him to run to his car in the parking lot and drive home to watch Dynasty And even with the positive response from many consumers it was reported in that the Sears TeleCaption decoders were not selling well It was a catch situation “People hesitate to buy because more programs aren t captioned more programs aren t captioned because not that large an audience has adapters Increasing one would clearly increase the other The question was whether to wait for “the other to happen To do so would most likely endanger a considerable federal investment as well as the continued existence of the system Some theorized that the major factors for the poor sale of decoders were the depressed state of the economy the lack of a captioned prime time national news program which deaf and hard of hearing people cited as a top priority insufficient numbers of closed captioned programs and an unrealistic expectation by some purchasers that decoder prices would decrease in spite of the fact that the retailer markup was slightly above the actual production cost Captioning a TV Program A Continuing ChallengeOn average it took twenty five to forty hours to caption a one hour program First the script was typed verbatim including every utterance such as “uh stuttering and so forth Asterisks were inserted to indicated changes in speakers Next the time and place of the wording was checked in the program The transcript was examined for accuracy noting when the audio starts and stops and then it was necessary to decide whether the captions should be placed on the left right or center of the screen In NCI s goal was to provide no more than to reading words per minute for adult programs and sixty to ninety for children s programs “We have to give time for looking at the picture Linda Carson manager of standards and training at NCI explained “A lot of TV audio goes up to or words per minute That s tough for caption writers If the time lapse for a word sentence is ½seconds then the captioner checks the rate computation chart and finds out she s got to do it in nine words Carl Jensema NCI s director of research who lost his hearing at the age of nine explained that at the start of kindergarten hearing children have about words in their speaking vocabulary whereas many deaf children are lucky to have fifty Consequently deaf children had very little vocabulary for the school to build on Jensema believed that closed captioning might be the biggest breakthrough for deaf people since the hearing aid He was certain that a high degree of exposure to spoken language through captioned television was the key to enhanced language skills in deaf people CBS ResistsAlthough ABC PBS and NBC were involved in collaborating with NCI to bring captions to deaf audiences the system CBS supported teletext was developed in the United Kingdom and was at least three years away from implementation “It seems to me that CBS by not going along with the other networks might be working in derogation of helping the deaf or the hearing impaired to get this service at an earlier dateーand I don t like it FCC commissioner Joseph Fogarty told Gene Mater assistant to the president of the CBS Broadcast Group Despite the success of line captioning CBS s Mater believed the teletext system was “so much better and the existing system was “antiquated “I think what s unfortunate is that the leadership of the hearing impaired community has not seen fit to support teletext Those people who have seen teletext recognize it as a communications revolution for the deaf In contrast NCI s Jeff Hutchins summarized that the World System Teletext presented various disadvantages It could not provide real time captioning “at least not in the way we have seen it Also it could not work with home videotape He believed that even if World System Teletext were adopted by the networks and other program suppliers the technology would not be an answer for the needs of the American Deaf community He also explained that “too many services now enjoyed by decoder owners would be lost CBS even petitioned the FCC in July for a national teletext broadcasting standard Following this the Los Angeles CBS affiliate announced plans to test teletext in April “CBS was so opposed to line that even when advertisers captioned their commercials at no charge to CBS Karen Peltz Strauss wrote “the network allegedly promised to strip the captions off before airing the ads CBS continued its refusal to join the closed captioning program largely because of its own research into the teletext system and because the comparatively low number of adapters purchased The NAD accused CBS of failing to cooperate with deaf television viewers by refusing to caption its TV programs The NAD planned nationwide protests shortly after this Hundreds of captioning activists gathered at studios around the country In Cedar Rapids one young child carried a sign that read “Please caption for my Mom and Dad Gertie Galloway was one of the disappointed deaf consumers “CBS has not cooperated with the deaf community she stated “We feel we have a right to access to TV programs She was one of an estimated to people carrying signs who marched in front of the CBS studio in Washington and who were asking supporters to refuse to watch CBS for the day Similar demonstrations were held in New York where there were people picketing and the association said that protests had been scheduled in the more than communities where CBS had affiliates Harold Kinkade the Iowa Association of the Deaf vice president said “I don t think deaf people are going to give up on this one We always fight for our rights to be equal with the people with hearing The drama increased in August when it was announced that NBC was dropping captions due to decreased demand It was two years after NBC had become a charter subscriber John Ball president of NCI said “There is no question that this hurts This was a major revenue source for NCI I think the next six months or so are going to be crucial for us Captioning advocates included representatives from NTID the National Fraternal Society of the Deaf Gallaudet and NAD Karen Peltz Strauss tells the story of Phil Bravin chair of a newly established NAD TV Access Committee who represented the Deaf community in a meeting with NBC executives Although the NBC meeting was successful CBS was still resisting and Bravin persisted As Strauss summarized “After one particularly frustrating three hour meeting with the CBS President of Affiliate Relations Tony Malara Bravin left promising to see you on the streets of America In CBS finally gave in and the network dual encoded its television programs with both teletext and line captions The issue with NBC also resolved and by the network was paying a third of the cost of the prime time closed captioning The rest was covered by such sources as independent producers and NCI with funds from the US Department of Education used for captioning on CBS and ABC as well nbsp In his book Closed Captioning Subtitling Stenography and the Digital Convergence of Text with Television Gregory J Downey summarized that because the film industry was unwilling to perform same language subtitling for its domestic audience the focus of deaf and hard of hearing persons “educational and activist efforts toward media justice through subtitling in the s and s had decisively moved away from the high culture of film and instead toward the mass market of television Meanwhile teachers and media specialists in schools for deaf children across the United States were reporting that their students voluntarily watched captioned TV shows recorded on videocassettes over and over again These youngsters were engaged in reading with its many dimensions and functions In the opinion of some educators television was indeed helping children learn to read People at NCI looked forward to spin offs from their efforts They liked to point out that experiments on behalf of deaf people produced the telephone and that the search for a military code to be read in the dark led to braille Closed captioning should be no different in that regard The technology also showed promise for instructing hearing children in language skills Fairfax County public schools in Virginia authorized a pilot project to study the effectiveness of captioned television as a source of reading material The study explored the use of closed captioned television in elementary classrooms evaluated teacher and student acceptance of captioning as an aid to teaching reading and served as a guide to possible future expansion of activities in this area Instead of considering television as part of the problem in children s declining reading and comprehension skills Fairfax County wanted to make it part of the solution Promising results were found in this study as well as in other NCI funded studies with hearing children and when NCI s John Ball submitted his budget request to Congress for fiscal year he was citing “at least learning disabled children as a potential audience for captioning and the market for decoder purchases In a personal tribute to Carl Jensema Jeff Hutchins wrote that the only aspect of NCI that really made it an “institute was the work Carl did to research many different aspects of captioning including its readability and efficacy among consumers His work led to a revision of techniques which made captioning more effective Once Carl left NCI and the research department was shut down NCI was not really an “institute any longer John Ball also believed in the importance of Jensema s research at NCI His studies clearly demonstrated the impact of captioning on NCI s important audience Real Time CaptioningAs early as the captioning program began to fund developmental work in real time captioning with the objective of making it possible to caption live programs such as news sports the Academy Awards and space shuttle launches This developmental work however did not result in the system finally being used The Central Intelligence Agency CIA was exploring a system that would allow the spoken word to appear in printed text As it turned out a private concern resulted from the CIA project Stenocomp which marketed computer translations to court reporters The Stenocomp system relied on a mainframe computer and was thus too cumbersome However when Stenocomp went out of business a new firm developedーTranslation Systems Inc TSI in Rockville Maryland Advances in computer technology made it possible to install the Stenocomp software into a minicomputer This made it possible for the NCI to begin real time captioning using a modified stenotype machine linked to a computer via a cable On December the Ninety Seventh Congress passed a joint resolution authorizing President Ronald Reagan to proclaim December as “National Close Captioned Television Month The proclamation was in recognition of the NCI service that made television programs meaningful and understandable for deaf and hard of hearing people in the United States By NCI was applying real time captioning to a variety of televised events including newscasts sports events and other live broadcasts bringing deaf households into national conversations The information with correct punctuation was brought to viewers through the work of stenographers trained as captioners typing at speeds of up to words per minute Real time captioning was used in the Supreme Court to allow a deaf attorney Michael Chatoff to understand the justices and other attorneys However fidelity was not the case for many years on television and problems existed with real time captioning In real time captioning an individual typed the message into an electric stenotype machine similar to those used in courtrooms and the message included some shorthand A computer translated the words into captions which were then projected on the screen Because “this captioning occurred live and relies on a vocabulary stored in the software of the computer misspellings and errors could and did occur during transcriptions Over the years many have worked toward error reduction in realtime captioning As the Hearing Loss Association of America has summarized “Although real time captioning strives to reach percent accuracy the audience will see errors The caption writer may mishear a word hear an unfamiliar word or have an error in the software dictionary In addition transmission problems can create technical errors that are not under the control of the caption writer At times captioners work in teams similar to some sign language interpreters and provide quick corrections This was the approach the pioneer Martin Block used during the Academy Awards in April Block typed the captions while a team of assistants provided him with correct spellings of the award nominees There has also been a growing body of educational research supporting the benefits of captions As one example E Ross Stuckless referred to the concept of real time caption technology in the early s as the “computerized near instant conversion of spoken English into readable print He also described the possibility of using real time captioning in the classroom Michael S Stinson another former colleague of mine and also a deaf research faculty member at NTID at RIT was involved with Stuckless in the first implementation and evaluation of real time captioning as an access service in the classroom Stinson subsequently obtained numerous grants to develop C Print access through real time captioning at NTID where hundreds of deaf and hard of hearing students have benefited in this postsecondary program C Print also was found successful in K programs Communication Access Real Time Translation CART is another service provided in a variety of educational environments including small groups conventions and remote transmissions to thousands of participants viewing through streaming text Displays include computers projection screens monitors or mobile devices or the text may be included on the same screen as a PowerPoint presentation Special approaches have been used in educational environments For example at NTID where C Print was developed by Stinson the scripts of the classroom presentations and communication between professors and students are printed out and errors are corrected and given to the students to study In October ABC s World News This Morning became the first daytime television program to be broadcast to viewers with decoders through real time captioning technology Within a few weeks the ABC s Good Morning America was broadcast with captions as well “This is a major milestone in the evolution of the closed captioned television service John E D Ball declared describing it as a “valued medium to deaf and hard of hearing viewers Don Thieme a spokesman for NCI explained that the Department of Education had provided The Caption Center with a million contract These two programs joined ABC s evening news program World News Tonight and the magazine show as the only regularly scheduled news and public affairs available for deaf viewers The captioned news programs would be phased in gradually during the summer and early fall Real time captioning was also provided for the presidential political debates around this time More than sixty five home video movies had also been captioned for deaf people This was an important step toward providing more access to entertainment movies for deaf consumers The first time the Super Bowl was aired with closed captions was on January In September ABC s Monday Night Football became the first sports series to include real time captioning of commentary ABC its affiliates the US Department of Education advertisers corporations program producers and NCI s Caption Club helped to fund this program Using stenotype machines speed typists in Falls Church Virginia listened to the telecast and produced the captions at about words per minute and they appeared on the screen in about four seconds Each word was not typed separately Instead the captioner stroked the words out phonetically in a type of shorthand Then a computer translated the strokes back into the printed word These words were sent through phone lines to the ABC control room in New York City where they were added to the network signal and transmitted across the country Darlene Leasure who was responsible for football described one of the challenges she encountered “When I was programming my computer at the beginning of the season I found thirteen Darrels with seven different spellings in the NFL It s tough keeping all those Darrels straight As TV shows with closed captions grew in popularity deaf people were attracted away from the captioned film showings at social clubs or other such gatherings The groups continued to hold their meetings but for most gatherings the showing of captioned films gradually stopped At the same time telecommunications advances had brought telephone access to deaf people and there was less need for face to face “live communication Together the visual telecommunications and captioned television technologies profoundly impacted the way deaf people interacted	2022-01-29 16:30:45
海外TECH	Engadget	Federal appeals court upholds California net neutrality law	https://www.engadget.com/federal-appeals-court-upholds-california-sb-822-net-neutrality-law-161923232.html?src=rss	Federal appeals court upholds California net neutrality lawA federal appeals court voted unanimously on Friday to uphold California s SB net neutrality law reports The Verge One year after the Federal Communications Commission repealed net neutrality rules that applied nationwide the state passed its own set of laws Those rules barred internet service providers from blocking as well as throttling select websites and services However California could not begin enforcing those laws due to two separate legal challenges The first came from the Department of Justice Under former President Donald Trump the agency sued the state arguing its laws were pre empted by the FCC s repeal of the Obama era Open Internet Order In February the Justice Department dropped its complaint Later that same month a federal judge ruled in favor of the state in a separate lawsuit involving multiple telecom trade groups This week s ruling upholds that decision In its ruling the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals said the lower court “correctly denied the preliminary injunction brought against California by the telecom industry It said the FCC “no longer has the authority to regulate internet services in the way that it did when it previously classified them as telecommunications services “The agency therefore cannot preempt state action like SB that protects net neutrality the court said The four trade groups behind the original lawsuit the American Cable Association CTIA the National Cable and Telecommunications Association and USTelecom said they were “disappointed by the decision and that they plan to review their options “Once again a piecemeal approach to this issue is untenable and Congress should codify national rules for an open Internet once and for all the groups told CNBC After months of stalemate at the FCC federal action on net neutrality could come soon Next week the Senate Commerce Committee will decide whether to advance Gigi Sohn s nomination to a full vote of the Senate President Biden picked Sohn to fill the final empty commissioner seat on the FCC Her confirmation would give Democrats a three to two edge on the FCC allowing it to advance the president s telecom related policies	2022-01-29 16:19:23
ニュース	BBC News - Home	Downing Street parties: Senior Tories demand full Sue Gray report	https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-60183030?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA	crucial	2022-01-29 16:28:19
ニュース	BBC News - Home	Storm Malik: Man trapped in van crushed by tree	https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leeds-60183547?at_medium=RSS&at_campaign=KARANGA	malik	2022-01-29 16:14:23