投稿時間:2023-12-25 01:09:55 RSSフィード2023-12-25 01:00分まとめ(11件)

カテゴリー	サイト名	記事タイトル	リンクURL	頻出ワード・要約等	登録日
Program	JavaScriptタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	フロントエンドにおけるJavaScriptのビルド	https://qiita.com/diskszk/items/d39640af191bc2292fa9	フロントエンド,javascript,ソースコード	2023-12-25 00:12:01
Program	JavaScriptタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	スクリーンセーバーの邪魔をするスクリプトをHTAでささっと作る	https://qiita.com/TETSURO1999/items/cc3e245d46eb9d3f5ed8	スクリーンセーバー,スクリプト,スクリーン	2023-12-25 00:07:57
Program	JavaScriptタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	First step to fast protocol buffers: Varint	https://qiita.com/martinheidegger/items/dfd3d495b2dfe34616eb	Today s article is my first step on a journey to write a fast protocol buffer implementation pro	2023-12-25 00:00:32
Program	lambdaタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	M5StickのボタンでLINE WORKSにスタンプする	https://qiita.com/bugtrap/items/e24ad9391b277d913be5	mstick,lineworks,lineworksadventcalendar	2023-12-25 00:00:39
Program	AWSタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	AWS Secrets ManagerとSystems Manager Parameter Storeの使い分け	https://qiita.com/tomoko_nagata/items/3073903eb376094c3975	awssecretsmanager,temsmanagerparameterstore,パスワード	2023-12-25 00:56:25
Program	AWSタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	Glue コンソールから Spark UI で処理が分散できているか見てみる	https://qiita.com/yust0724/items/66342a6e29eb0a3c9be7	glue,sparkui,アップデート	2023-12-25 00:13:57
Program	AWSタグが付けられた新着投稿 - Qiita	[AWS]EC2インスタンスの設定	https://qiita.com/riu-414/items/31ab891f462e5870e495	awsec,ecelasticcomputecloud,インスタンス	2023-12-25 00:08:37
技術系ブログ等	Developers.IO	10周年を迎えたアクセシビリティ Advent Calendar 2023、ありがとうございました！	https://dev.classmethod.jp/articles/accessibility-advent-calendar-2023-retrospective/	アクセシビリティ,adve,adventcalendar	2023-12-24 15:00:55
海外TECH	AppleInsider - Frontpage News	Apple's 'Ferret' is a new open-source machine learning model	https://appleinsider.com/articles/23/12/24/apples-ferret-is-a-new-open-source-machine-learning-model?utm_medium=rss	Researchers working for Apple and from Columbia University quietly pushed an open source multimodal LLM in October a research release called Ferret that can use regions of images for queries A ferret in the wild Pixabay Michael Sehlmeyer The introduction in October to Github largely flew under the radar with no announcement or fanfare for its introduction The code for Ferret was released alongside Ferret Bench on October with checkpoint releases introduced on December While it didn t receive much attention at first the release became more of a big deal to AI researchers on Saturday reports VentureBeat Bart De Witte operator of an AI in medicine non profit posted to X about the missed release calling it a testament to Apple s commitment to impactful AI research Continue Reading on AppleInsider Discuss on our Forums	2023-12-24 15:44:42
海外TECH	Engadget	How we built a less-explodey lithium battery and kickstarted the EV revolution	https://www.engadget.com/hitting-the-books-material-world-ed-conway-knopf-153010572.html?src=rss	Sand salt iron copper oil and lithium ーthese foundational materials are literally what the modern world is built on Without sand for glass say goodbye to our fiber optic internet No copper means no conductive wiring And a world without lithium is a world without rechargeable batteries nbsp For the final installment of Hitting the Books for we re bringing you an excerpt from the fantastic Material World The Six Raw Materials That Shape Modern Civilization by Ed Conway A finalist for the Financial Times and Schroders Business Book of the Year award Material World walks readers through the seismic impacts these six substances have had on human civilization throughout history using a masterful mix of narrative storytelling and clear eyed technical explanation In the excerpt below Conway discusses how the lithium ion battery technology that is currently powering the EV revolution came into existence nbsp nbsp Thanks very much for reading Hitting the Books this year we ll be back with more of the best excerpts from new and upcoming technology titles in post CES January nbsp nbsp Penguin Random HouseExcerpted from Material World The Six Raw Materials That Shape Modern Civilization by Ed Conway Published by Knopf Copyright by Ed Conway All rights reserved A Better BatteryThe first engineer to use lithium in a battery was none other than Thomas Edison Having mastered the manufacture of concrete by focusing religiously on improving the recipe and systematising its production he sought to do much the same thing with batteries The use of these devices to store energy was not especially new even when he began working on them at the dawn of the twentieth century Indeed the very earliest days of the electrical era were powered almost exclusively by batteries Back before the invention of the dynamos and generators that produce most of our electricity today the telegraphs and earliest electric lights ran on primitive batteries Their chemistry went back to Alessandro Volta an Italian who at the turn of the nineteenth century had discovered that by stacking layers of zinc and copper discs separated by cardboard soaked in brine he could generate an electric current flowing from one electrode in this case the metallic discs to the other His pile of electrodes was the world s first battery ーa voltaic cell ーor as it s still sometimes called a pile since a pile is precisely what it was That brings us to the prickly question of what to call these things Purists would argue that a single one of these units whether it was Volta s first effort or the thing you find in your smartphone should be called a cell A battery they say is a word only to be used about an array of multiple cells But these days most people including this author use the words interchangeably Half a century later the French physicist Gaston Plant came up with the first rechargeable battery using a spiral of lead electrodes bathed in acid housed in a glass container Lead acid batteries versions of which are still used to help start car engines today could provide quick bursts of power but their relatively low energy density meant they were not especially good at storing power In an effort to improve on the chemistry Edison began to experiment his way through the periodic table Out went lead and sulphuric acid and in came a host of other ingredients copper cobalt and cadmium to name just a few of the Cs There were many false starts and one major patent battle along the way but eventually after a decade of experimentation Edison landed upon a complex mixture of nickel and iron bathed in a potassium hydroxide solution and packed into the best Swedish steel nbsp The only Storage Battery that has iron and steel in its construction and elements read the advertising Edison s experiments underlined at least one thing While battery chemistry was difficult it was certainly possible to improve on Plant s lead acid formula After all as Edison once said If Nature had intended to use lead in batteries for powering vehicles she would not have made it so heavy And if lead was a heavy metal then there was no doubt about the lightest metal of all ーthe optimal element to go into batteries It was there at the opposite end of the periodic table all the way across from lead just beneath hydrogen and helium lithium Edison added a sprinkling of lithium hydroxide to the electrolyte solution in his battery the so called A cell and alongside the potassium in the liquid and the nickel and iron electrodes it had encouraging results The lithium lifted the battery s capacity by per cent ーthough no one could pin down the chemistry going on beneath the surface In the following years scientists followed in Edison s footsteps and developed other battery chemistries including nickel cadmium and nickel metal hydride which are the basis for most consumer rechargeable batteries such as the AA ones you might have at home However they struggled to incorporate the most promising element of all Decade after decade scientific paper after paper pointed out that the ultimate battery would be based on a lithium chemistry But up until the s no one was able to tame this volatile substance enough to put it to use in a battery Batteries are a form of fuel ーalbeit electrochemical rather than fossil What occurs inside a battery is a controlled chemical reaction an effort to channel the explosive energy contained in these materials and turn that into an electric current And no ingredient was more explosive than lithium The first breakthrough came in the s at of all places Exxon Mobil or as it was then known Esso In the face of the oil price shock for a period the oil giant had one of the best funded battery units anywhere staffed by some of the world s most talented chemists trying to map out the company s future in a world without hydrocarbons Among them was a softly spoken Englishman called Stan Whittingham Soon enough Whittingham had one of those Eureka moments that changed the battery world forever Up until then one of the main problems facing battery makers was that every time they charged or discharged their batteries it could change the chemical structure of their electrodes irreversibly Edison had spent years attempting to surmount this phenomenon whose practical consequence was that batteries simply didn t last all that long Whittingham worked out how to overcome this shuttling lithium atoms from one electrode to the other without causing much damage At the risk of causing any battery chemists reading this to wince here is one helpful way of visualising this Think of batteries as containing a set of two skyscrapers one of which is an office block and the other is an apartment block These towers represent the anode and cathode ーthe negative and positive electrodes When a rechargeable smartphone or electric car battery is empty what that means in electrochemical terms is that there are a lot of lithium atoms sitting in the cathode ーin the apartment block ーdoing very little But when that battery gets charged those atoms or as they re technically called since they hold a charge ions shuttle across to the other skyscraper ーthe anode or in this analogy the office block They go to work And a fully charged battery is one where the anode s structure is chock full of these charged lithium ions When that battery is being used the ions are shuttling back home to the apartment block generating a current along the way Understand this shuttling to and fro between cathode and anode and you understand broadly how rechargeable batteries work This concept ーthe notion that ions could travel across from the crystalline structure of one electrode to nest in the crystalline structure of another ーwas Whittingham s brainwave He called it intercalation and it s still the basis of how batteries work today Whittingham put the theory to work and created the world s first rechargeable lithium battery It was only a small thing ーa coin sized battery designed for use in watches ーbut it was a start Per kilogram of weight or rather given its size per gram his battery could hold as much as times the electrical charge of a lead acid battery But every time Whittingham tried to make a battery any bigger than a small coin cell it would burst into flames In an effort to tame the inherent reactivity of lithium he had alloyed it with aluminium but this wasn t enough to subdue it altogether So Whittingham s battery remained something of a curio until the following decade when researchers working in the UK and Japan finally cracked the code The key figure here is an extraordinary man called John B Goodenough an American physicist who as it happens was born in Jena the German city where Otto Schott and Carl Zeiss first perfected technical glassmaking After studying at Yale Chicago and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Goodenough eventually found himself in charge of the inorganic chemistry lab at the University of Oxford in the late s and early s where he played the pivotal role in the battery breakthrough Among his team s achievements ーcommemorated today in a blue plaque on the outside of the lab ーwas the discovery of the optimal recipe for the cathode that apartment skyscraper in a lithium ion battery The material in question was lithium cobalt oxide a compound that improved the safety and the capacity of these batteries providing them with a stable cathode matrix in which the lithium ions could nest It wasn t that battery explosions could be ruled out but at least they were no longer inevitable The final intellectual leaps occurred a few years later in Japan where a researcher called Akira Yoshino perfected the other ingredients He paired Goodenough s lithium cobalt oxide cathode with an anode made from a particular type of graphite ーthat very variety they still make from the needle coke produced at the Humber Refinery ーand the combination worked brilliantly Lithium ions shuttled safely and smoothly from one side to another as he charged and discharged the battery He also worked out the best way to fit these two electrodes together by pasting the materials on to paper thin sheets and coiling them together in a metal canister separated by a thin membrane This final masterstroke ーwhich meant that if the battery began to overheat the separator would melt helping to prevent any explosion ーalso evoked those first cells created in France by Gaston Plant The rechargeable battery began life as a spiral of metal compressed into a canister after more than a century of experimentation and a complete transformation of materials it came of age in more or less the same form But it would take another few years for these batteries to find their way into consumers hands and it would happen a long way from either Esso s laboratories or Oxford s chemistry labs Japanese electronics firm Sony had been on the lookout for a better battery to power its camcorders and came across the blueprints drawn up by Goodenough and adjusted by Yoshino Adapting these plans and adding its own flourishes in it created the first production lithium ion battery an optional power pack for some of their Handycam models These packs were a third smaller and lighter than the standard nickel metal hydride batteries yet they carried even more capacity In the following years lithium ion batteries gradually proliferated into all sorts of devices but it wasn t until the advent of the smartphone that they found their first true calling These devices with their circuitry their semiconductors their modem chips and bright displays are incredibly power hungry demanding the most powerful of all batteries Today almost all smartphones run on batteries derived from the discoveries of Whittingham Goodenough and Yoshino The trio was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in That this invention ーfirst prototyped in America and then mostly developed in England ーonly came to be mass produced in Japan is one of those topics that still causes frustration in the Anglophone world Why when so many of the intellectual advances in battery design happened in Europe and the Americas was production always dominated by Asia The short answer was that Japan had a burgeoning market for the manufacture of the very electronic goods ーinitially video cameras and Walkmans ーthat needed higher density batteries As the s gave way to the s lithium ion batteries became an essential component of the electronic world in laptops smartphones and eventually electric cars Smartphones could not have happened without the extraordinary silicon chips inside powering the circuitry housing the processing units and bestowing memory storage not to mention providing optical sensors for the camera But none of these appliances would have been practical without light powerful batteries of far greater energy density than their predecessors All of which is why demand for lithium has begun to outstrip our ability to extract it from the earth And unlike copper or iron which we have many centuries experience producing the lithium industry remains in its infancy Up until recently there were few mines and the pools in the Salar de Atacama were still relatively small Today they are big enough to be easily visible from space a gigantic pastel paint palette smack bang in the middle of the desert This article originally appeared on Engadget at	2023-12-24 15:30:10
金融	◇◇　保険デイリーニュース　◇◇（損保担当者必携！）	保険デイリーニュース(12/25)	http://www.yanaharu.com/ins/?p=5409	sompo,ニュース,東京海上日動火災保険	2023-12-24 15:11:52